Baroque Assignment Free Essays

The period of art known as Baroque began in the late 16th century. The period introduced art that was complex, rich, and extravagant. This was a time when optimism was the law of the land and a more confident and self-assured attitude made itself known. We will write a custom essay sample on Baroque Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is reflected in most of the artwork in this period. Paintings in the Baroque period were more complex than sculpture, and it showed in almost every painting. (Gardner, 397, 402) The painting, â€Å"The Geographer† by Jan Vermeer, is an example of Baroque art in the 17th century. Encompassing the theme of cartography, the sea chart, globe, and the like, (Harden) the painting shows a man, interrupted from his work, looked out the window. It is interesting to note that the man in the painting might be Anthony van Leeuwenhoek. It has been said that the man in this painting fits the mold of an intelligent man, knowledgeable from literature and observation. (Gowing) This would certainly fit van Leeuwenhoek. In regards the the rest of the painting, there is an abundance of objects on the left, leading the viewer’s eye to that area. It seems that the few objects on the right of the painting are unimportant. This painting embodies the four main characteristics of Baroque paintings: the use of diagonals, suspense, tenebrism, and snapshot quality. Diagonals play a major role in â€Å"The Geographer†. In fact, almost every line is at an angle to imply perspective. This gives the painting depth. Everything is on a diagonal, to the point where it almost looks as if the picture is slanted to one side. Other details to note are the compass in his hand moving at the same angle as his arm, creating movement in the direction of his other hand, creating a circle. Most of the movement of the piece leans to the left. Even the shadows seem to be at a diagonal. It seems as if the man in the painting is looking out the window at something. It looks as if he is disturbed, or shocked, with what he sees. Perhaps he was interrupted from his work to witness something awful. This is the most exciting moment. The viewer can imagine what he is looking at, none of the possibilities pleasant. This is how the painting is suspenseful. One can only imagine what happened before, or what will happen after, this picture was painted, but one can be sure that this moment is the beginning of something exciting. Tenebrism is defined as a style of painting that uses violent contrasts of light and dark. In â€Å"The Geographer†, this is apparent. The strongest light source in the picture is on the left, adding even more emphasis to this side of the painting. The man’s face is lit quite well, the viewer must be able to see his face for the viewer to understand his anguish. What he is working on is also well-lit. The wall, where nothing seems to be happening, also where there are no diagonals, is cast in shadow, making this wall unimportant. There seems to be stark lines of shadow, and then of light. (Harden) This contrast adds to the painting’s shocked and disturbed feel. Looking at the painting reminds the viewer of looking at a photograph. The colors are rich, the strokes barely noticeable. However, more importantly, the painting resembles a photograph because of the emotion that is caught by the artist. It seems as though the artist painted this at top speed, just to catch the shocked look on the subject’s face. Of course, it is impossible to paint that fast, and this is why it resembles a photograph. The characteristics of Baroque art in the 17th century show themselves in â€Å"The Geographer†. In an age of complexity, Vermeer took a subject and animated him with the use of shadow and light. The subject was captured in a state of shock, which leaves the viewer curious as to what he was looking at. Also, one cannot help but to notice the quality of the painting. In an age when optimism was the rule, this painting lends itself to a darker corner of the world, and Vermeer makes it work beautifully. ? Gardner, Helen. Art Through the Ages. Chicago: Harcourt, Brace World, Inc. 1959. ? Gowing, Lawrence. â€Å"Vermeer†. Essential Vermeer. 1950. 2001. 28 Jan 2009. http://www. essentialvermeer. com/cat_about/geographer. html ? Harden, Mark. â€Å"Jan Vermeer: The Geographer†. WebMuseum, Paris. 14 Oct 2002. 29 Jan 2009. http://www. ibiblio. org/wm/paint/auth/vermeer/geographer. html How to cite Baroque Assignment, Papers

Baroque Assignment Free Essays

The period of art known as Baroque began in the late 16th century. The period introduced art that was complex, rich, and extravagant. This was a time when optimism was the law of the land and a more confident and self-assured attitude made itself known. We will write a custom essay sample on Baroque Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is reflected in most of the artwork in this period. Paintings in the Baroque period were more complex than sculpture, and it showed in almost every painting. (Gardner, 397, 402) The painting, â€Å"The Geographer† by Jan Vermeer, is an example of Baroque art in the 17th century. Encompassing the theme of cartography, the sea chart, globe, and the like, (Harden) the painting shows a man, interrupted from his work, looked out the window. It is interesting to note that the man in the painting might be Anthony van Leeuwenhoek. It has been said that the man in this painting fits the mold of an intelligent man, knowledgeable from literature and observation. (Gowing) This would certainly fit van Leeuwenhoek. In regards the the rest of the painting, there is an abundance of objects on the left, leading the viewer’s eye to that area. It seems that the few objects on the right of the painting are unimportant. This painting embodies the four main characteristics of Baroque paintings: the use of diagonals, suspense, tenebrism, and snapshot quality. Diagonals play a major role in â€Å"The Geographer†. In fact, almost every line is at an angle to imply perspective. This gives the painting depth. Everything is on a diagonal, to the point where it almost looks as if the picture is slanted to one side. Other details to note are the compass in his hand moving at the same angle as his arm, creating movement in the direction of his other hand, creating a circle. Most of the movement of the piece leans to the left. Even the shadows seem to be at a diagonal. It seems as if the man in the painting is looking out the window at something. It looks as if he is disturbed, or shocked, with what he sees. Perhaps he was interrupted from his work to witness something awful. This is the most exciting moment. The viewer can imagine what he is looking at, none of the possibilities pleasant. This is how the painting is suspenseful. One can only imagine what happened before, or what will happen after, this picture was painted, but one can be sure that this moment is the beginning of something exciting. Tenebrism is defined as a style of painting that uses violent contrasts of light and dark. In â€Å"The Geographer†, this is apparent. The strongest light source in the picture is on the left, adding even more emphasis to this side of the painting. The man’s face is lit quite well, the viewer must be able to see his face for the viewer to understand his anguish. What he is working on is also well-lit. The wall, where nothing seems to be happening, also where there are no diagonals, is cast in shadow, making this wall unimportant. There seems to be stark lines of shadow, and then of light. (Harden) This contrast adds to the painting’s shocked and disturbed feel. Looking at the painting reminds the viewer of looking at a photograph. The colors are rich, the strokes barely noticeable. However, more importantly, the painting resembles a photograph because of the emotion that is caught by the artist. It seems as though the artist painted this at top speed, just to catch the shocked look on the subject’s face. Of course, it is impossible to paint that fast, and this is why it resembles a photograph. The characteristics of Baroque art in the 17th century show themselves in â€Å"The Geographer†. In an age of complexity, Vermeer took a subject and animated him with the use of shadow and light. The subject was captured in a state of shock, which leaves the viewer curious as to what he was looking at. Also, one cannot help but to notice the quality of the painting. In an age when optimism was the rule, this painting lends itself to a darker corner of the world, and Vermeer makes it work beautifully. ? Gardner, Helen. Art Through the Ages. Chicago: Harcourt, Brace World, Inc. 1959. ? Gowing, Lawrence. â€Å"Vermeer†. Essential Vermeer. 1950. 2001. 28 Jan 2009. http://www. essentialvermeer. com/cat_about/geographer. html ? Harden, Mark. â€Å"Jan Vermeer: The Geographer†. WebMuseum, Paris. 14 Oct 2002. 29 Jan 2009. http://www. ibiblio. org/wm/paint/auth/vermeer/geographer. html How to cite Baroque Assignment, Papers

Human Resource Management Case Study of Top Trucking Company

Question: Describe about the Human Resource Management and Discuss the Case Study of Top Trucking Company. Answer: Introduction The aim of the report is to present the human resource management after some organisational changes. The case study company is Top Trucking Company, which is a transport company. A new company bought the company and new manager was appointed. The manger has brought some changes in organisational culture. Therefore, the employees have to adopt the new cultures. The report evaluates new practices in this company and how the employees, union representatives and manager, manage it. Organisational changes have some risks, which are discussed here. Involvement of the transport workers union in the organisation after the changes and their attitude are evaluated in this respect. Discussion Evaluation of new workplace practices The old manager of the yard of Top trucking company was autocratic in nature. He used to impose his idea upon the employees. The manger had individual control over the employees. The manager took decision about the working process according to own idea. This ignored the idea of the team members and the employees. Moreover, the employees were blame for their worse performance. Investment on new truck was low, which gave operational inefficiency in the firm. The old truck required renovation, which was not done in time. These practices created conflicts among the truck drivers. Use of old truck was cause of frequent accidents. Operational inefficiency, malpractices of human resource management reduced productivity of the company (Raelin, 2012). The company has been sold to a big national transport group. The new owner of the company has invested in company to improve the health of the work place and the drivers. They got a clean yard and new uniform. For better maintenance of business operation and human resource, a new computer system has been installed (Fullan, 2014). A new manager has come in place of autocratic manager. The new yard manager is comparatively democratic in nature. The new manager has brought some organisational changes in culture. He gives priority to the opinion of drivers and union representative. He uses different techniques to resolve any problem or conflicts among the employees. In case of any conflicts, he calls the union member and drivers to discuss on the issue other than blaming them. He takes decision rationally. The health and safety issue of the drivers are considered now. Therefore, new environment has given a fresh air to the drivers (Harris, 2013). They have started to realise their values in the organisation. Hence, these changes ensure more intensive involvement of the employees in the work process and service delivery. New method of resolving conflicts helps to mitigate issues more easily than earlier. This results in increasing collaboration among the co-workers. Collaborative work and good relation with manager helps to manage human resource in a better way (Burnes By, 2012). This improvement in the organisation has helped the company to get new contracts. New contracts have expanded the business in the market and increase Companys profitability. Previously, when the old manager exercised the autocratic leadership, the communication between the drivers and he manager was one way. The attitude of the manager created barriers in sharing ideas, which de-motivated the drivers and the union members (Hackman Johnson, 2013). The new manager brought new rules in terms of allowing the team members for taking part in decision making process. Empowering team member helps in proper resource allocation to perform work in better way. Investment in employees training improves the skills (Bhatti et al., 2012). Enhanced skill increases the marginal productivity of the drivers and total profit of the company. In this new situation, the manager plays a role of facilitator to provide required environment in workplace. This kind of leadership in work place helps to generate innovative ideas to improve performance of the employee and the management (Glassman, Erdem Bartholomew, 2013). The drivers are free to discuss about their needs and problems to the manager. This negotiation is helpful to resolve problem immediately. The drivers can attach their objectives with the organisational goal. The decision of improving occupational health and safety of the drivers are important decision to retain the employees in the comp any. Employee turnover reduces therefore. Positive environment in workplace induces the driver to take responsibilities and challenges in workplace (Daft, 2014). Risks of the changes In the new work environment, the team members are given priority in decision-making process. However, the manager takes fin decision. Participatory leadership is good for the company as far as the welfare of the employees are concerned. If the new yard manager sustains new rules, there may have some risks. As the drivers and the union members take part in decision making process, there is possibility that a desire may grow up among the member to be the leader in the same organisation. Leadership desire can grow from the bottom of power (Alvesson Sveningsson, 2015). Some of the drivers in the influence of union member may raise their voice against the management. They may rebel in future against the same manager. In order to succeed with this new system, there needs to be presence of competencies among the drivers and the union member to move on further without any conflicts. The exiting employees need to be aware about the companys financial position (Wilensky, 2015). Otherwise, as they get freedom of expression, they may demand more facilities in terms of salaries, incentives. Every member requires being honest about their job responsibilities. Any dishonesty may corrupt the system. The new human resource management system is managed in computerised system. Lack of proper knowledge may hamper this system. Another risk is involved in the process as many people is involved in the decision making process. Every person has different perspective. If they cannot reach in a single decision, long term debate may arise, which may create dissatisfaction (Beck Cowan, 2014). Therefore, no further improvement is possible in the organisation. If in this case, if the interest of the drivers is different from the goal of the company, it is difficult for the manager to get the drivers to concentrate on the welfare of Top Trucking Company. In order to give priority to the peoples decision, sometimes welfare of the company cannot be achieved. There may be certain situation, where decision for employees welfare may be different from companys welfare. In this situation, decision making becomes difficult. In may happen that, companys expenditure is too high that it negatively affect on revenue. Hence, the immediate decision of manager would be reduction in less important expenditure. Extra expenditure on drivers may then be only way of reducing expenditure. This decision may dissatisfy the employees. In this case, wage hike in the influence of union leader damage the situation further (Spillane, 2012). Sustainability of the new system depends upon the leadership quality and interpersonal skill of the new manager. The manager needs to have strong character to resolve the issues. If the nature of the manager is weak, the groups decision may be emphasized over management decision. This creates operational inefficiency. The team members are only allowed to give their opinion. However, the final decision is to be taken by the manager. If the manager becomes more dependent on the team members, the new system may not be sustained in future, which is not good for the company. There is a possibility of conflicts between the manager and the new owner of the company. The owners ultimate goal is companys profit. If employees welfare has conflict with organisations welfare, this may dissatisfy both the party. The owner may decide to dismiss some of the employees. Moreover, there is another risk that, if the existing employees are accustomed with the system, any further organisational change may not be accepted by the employees (Voegtlin, Patzer Scherer, 2012). Evaluation of involvement of Transport Workers Union After the organisational change, the union member denied to accept the new manager. They thought that the decision making process of the new manager would be the same as that of the previous manager. This thought induced them to take decision against the manager. Occurrence of few strikes is result of their negative thought. Strike in organisation hampers the work process and reduces the productivity. The Transport Workers union are work solely for the welfare of the employees (Western, 2013). Their objective is to facilitate the truck drivers a better work environment, good wages and job security. The new system provides all these things for the benefit of the employees. Strikes influenced some of the drivers to behave aggressively. Some of the employees had left the organisation. However, after realising the new changes, the drivers accepted the system willingly. In the union such as Transport workers union, union members are chosen from the existing employees. Therefore, their und erstanding between union and manager is important for companys progress. On the other hand, the public sector union solely works for the welfare of the employees. The union member enforces the rule of minimum wage strongly. They have no direct liability for the welfare of the public sector organisation as these organisations depends on government participation. However, the existence of the transport union workers depends on the existence of the transport companies. If the company does not get profit, this will have impact on wage of the drivers. Therefore, involvement of the union members in the work process is necessary. In the private company like Top Trucking Company, there is a scope of collaborative work between the union members and the manager. They can work together for the welfare of the company. However, there is no scope for the union members in the public sector organisation to take part in the companys decision making process (Day Sammons, 2013). Therefore, their interest is limited to the welfare of the employees. The union leader accepted the decision of the new manager and his work process as the company has experienced a progress in business operation. After the organisation change, this yard has got attention from head quarter and from different other companies across the country. This improvement in the organisation justifies intensive engagement and collaborative work of the union members in the work process. The union leader now desires about the retention of the new manager in the yard. They want the new manager to stay in this ward and to work with them as they have accepted the new system. Recommendation It is recommended to the company that participatory leadership is beneficial for the company. Incentive policy for the drivers for better performance can induce them to improve their skills. Good cultural practices in the organisation improve the work environment. The manager can prepare a performance indicator for the team member. If the manager can relate the work performance with the growth of the company, the employee can recognise their values in the company. Improvement of relation with the customers is important criterion for the success of the organisation. For further improvement of the productivity, more investment is required. Progress of the company, availability of the new contracts can clear the path of inviting new investment. Inventory management is another aspect for the improvement of financial position of the company. The investor mainly takes decision seeing financial liabilities and assets of the company. Conclusion This report answers three question of the case study on Top Trucking Company. The case study is about human resource management and the impact of organisational change. The previous management procedure of the yard was autocratic in nature. There was little importance of the employees in the decision making process. However, after the change of companys ownership, new manager has been employee, whose decision making process is more participatory rather than autocratic. He values the participation of the employees in the decision making and problem solving process. New owner of the company has invested for computerised system for human resource management. New management has been successful to resolve the conflicts among the employees and to improve their performance by arranging proper training. References Alvesson, M., Sveningsson, S. (2015).Changing organizational culture: Cultural change work in progress. Routledge. Beck, D. E., Cowan, C. (2014).Spiral dynamics: Mastering values, leadership and change. John Wiley Sons. Bhatti, N., Maitlo, G. M., Shaikh, N., Hashmi, M. A., Shaikh, F. M. (2012). The impact of autocratic and democratic leadership style on job satisfaction.International Business Research,5(2), 192. Burnes, B., By, R. T. (2012). Leadership and change: The case for greater ethical clarity.Journal of business ethics,108(2), 239-252. Daft, R. L. (2014).The leadership experience. Cengage Learning. Day, C., Sammons, P. (2013).Successful Leadership: A Review of the International Literature. CfBT Education Trust. 60 Queens Road, Reading, RG1 4BS, England. Fullan, M., (2014).Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John Wiley Sons. Glassman, M., Erdem, G., Bartholomew, M. (2013). Action research and its history as an adult education movement for social change.Adult Education Quarterly, 0741713612471418. Hackman, M. Z., Johnson, C. E. (2013).Leadership: A communication perspective. Waveland Press. Harris, A. (2013). Distributed Leadership Friend or Foe?.Educational Management Administration Leadership,41(5), 545-554. Raelin, J. A. (2012). Dialogue and deliberation as expressions of democratic leadership in participatory organizational change.Journal of Organizational Change Management,25(1), 7-23. Spillane, J. P. (2012).Distributed leadership(Vol. 4). John Wiley Sons. Voegtlin, C., Patzer, M., Scherer, A. G. (2012). Responsible leadership in global business: A new approach to leadership and its multi-level outcomes.Journal of Business Ethics,105(1), 1-16. Western, S. (2013).Leadership: A critical text. Sage. Wilensky, H. L. (2015).Organizational intelligence: Knowledge and policy in government and industry(Vol. 19). Quid Pro Books

Animal Farm Essays (361 words) - British Films, Cold War Films

Animal Farm Animal Farm George Orwells Animal farm is a book about stuck up pigs who illuminates the range of human experience, from love to hate. There are seven commandments, these seven are broken and changed, this causes destruction and hate. One night during Animal Farm Major the head pig ordered a meeting for all animals, this meeting was his last and had important things to say, laws and commandments, the seven were clear to not be broken like the major said. These commandments were, 1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy. 2. Whatever goes upon four legs and has wings is a friend. 3. No animal shall wear cloths. 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed. 5. No animal shall drink alcohol. 6. No animal shall kill another animal. 7. All animals are equal. During the story the Majors rules were broken. The Major said I have more to say, I merely repeat remember always your duty enmity towards man and all his ways. The Major is saying that you have to remember the hatred the animals have for people, and only like animals.(pg21) During a few months period the laws were changing, and they changed to 1 2 3 4. No animals shall sleep in bed with sheets. 5. No animals shall drink alcohol to excess. 6. No animal shall kill another animal without cause. 7. All animals are equal but more than others. The Major said No animal must ever tyrannize over his own kind, weak or strong, clever or simple, we are all brothers. The Major is saying don't go against each other, because their our own kind. (pg.21,22) All the pigs were stuck up and snobby, but they weren't hiding what they were doing. One day Muriel was reading off the seven commandments to herself, she said, The animals had remembered seven commandments wrong, no animals shall drink alcohol, but there were two words that they had added, that no animal shall drink alcohol to excess.(pg. 103) The moral of the story is, to always follow the rules. You shouldn't change the rules, look what happened to the pigs. Book Reports

Gypsum essays

Gypsum essays The mineral gypsum is the most common sulfate mineral found mostly in sedimentary rocks. Its chemical formula, CaSO4 2H2O, explains its chemistry as a hydrated calcium sulfate mineral. Gypsum has a variety of colors including white, colorless, yellowish white, greenish white, or brown and it has a white streak color. Its pearly luster gives it a pretty glow, and some forms of gypsum would make nice jewelry if it was stronger, as its hardness it two. When gypsum is heated it changes to a powder form. If water is then added to the powder is can become hard when drying and set to the shape it is molded in. Gypsum has many uses in out every day life that we often overlook. It is used to make plaster-of-Paris, which has many reasons itself, but its also used to make floor underlayments, plasters and cements for art and casting, soil fertilizer, fake snow in Hollywood as well as scenery, road and surface repairs, as well as dry wall. Companies like USG, United States Gypsum, sell different forms of the minerals for all sorts of different projects requiring plaster. USG might buy its source of gypsum from Germany, because there are many cities in Germany that mine Gypsum. The cities of Heimkenie, Wald Schmiede, Seefrotte, Nixsee Valley, Slazaspring, Rhumequw, and the Cave of Segberg are all mines in Germany. One of the locations in the USA, the Alablaster Caverns in Okalahoma City, is the largest gypsum cave in the world. The Caverns are such a perfect environment for gypsum to grow because the fine soil creates clear crystals. The clay in the soil gives the formations an interesting hourglass shape. This gave is so special because it is open to the public and they are allowed to search for crystals. To remove the crystals, they are instructed to dig a 1-2ft hole and let the water fill it in. The water loosens to soil and allows the crystals to show and they come out easily. The crystals only have a hardness of two, ...

Edit the google part and make the conclusion more longer Essay

Edit the google part and make the conclusion more longer - Essay Example Some may argue that they used unorthodox methods in order to get to their status. This is because by innovating new ways of management, they succeeded in doing the unthinkable. Google "asked 45 year olds for their GPAs" (Lashinsky, 2008); Apple tied its proprietary software with its proprietary hardware (Kahney, 2008), and SEMCO eliminated time clocks for employees (Semler, 1989). In this essay, we will study the different methods these companies run, and how it has made them successful. We will also suggest how these same systems can become an eventual detriment. We will give a review of each from articles and will make connections between them. In the article How Apple Got Everything Right by Doing Everything Wrong, a unique and old-fashioned strategy is utilized. This strategy is the main reason Apple is one of the most dominant and successful start-up companies in the market. Steve Jobs is the spokesperson for Apple and is featured as the â€Å"evil genius.† Furthermore, Steve Jobs is not just a public face, but instead, he is the brains behind a vast majority of Apple’s innovative ideas and operations of the company. Apple has expressed great entrepreneurial merits by envisioning the gaps in the market. These gaps represent the difference between what the market needs and Apple’s current product offerings. The company intends to do this without attempting to copy from the existing companies. This includes creating new categories that have become must-have products. Apple has been operating in a highly challenging market where it is constantly exposed to intense competition and close imitation. For this reason, Apple formulated a strict security of the development of their products. Often the team members of Apple were unaware of the outcome of the product design. The product design of Apple is rapidly changing, which creates product obsolescence and interdependence between hardware, software, and internet applications— these are some

Design and Operation of Logistics Systems Assignment

Design and Operation of Logistics Systems - Assignment Example Savings in logistics cost accrue from reduced inventory levels, making it possible to close facilities, thus, promoting centralisation of distribution. It further reduces the need to keep stock at many warehouses, thus, bringing a shift in the role of such facilities from stock keeping to distribution (Higginson & Bookbinder 2005). Management of Gerrard Laboratories was also thinking on the same lines by planning to close Cologne facility not just because it could serve the Cologne warehouse customers from the Brussels plant at Belgium but because the competitor company was serving the European market with fewer warehouses than Gerrard Laboratories. Serving the Cologne customer base from the Brussels plant, the largest and the oldest one, from the management and manufacturing perspective seemed more pertinent as the Brussels manufacturing plant had been producing 25 items out of the total 35 products. The given situation indicates that it is more practical to serve the Cologne area f rom the Brussels plant. From sales operations perspective also, Gerrard’s 90% customers had been retailers; only 10% formed the industrial customers. Further, there was no seasonal change in the demand of the company products. Hence, it is expected that Gerrard should manage distribution to hospital customers satisfactorily from the Brussels plant. Another aim of distribution centres has been to attend to customer needs, which a great number of researchers have analysed. Increased communication and transportation have further minimised the requirement of warehouses and distribution centres (Higginson & Bookbinder 2005). Examining Gerrard on the communication and transportation parameters for client servicing, Gerrard has been handling its logistics functions on traditional practices. Other than its own 4 plants and 14 warehouses, it had been sharing warehousing space of 23 other grocery products and services companies, not wholly occupying the total offered space. So far the practice of one-shot billing system with variable cost of manufacturing coming to 80% of the total cost could be a reasonable ratio but annual or maximum period of 2 years for contract renewal with the warehousing service providers could be the deterrent; it carried the impending risk of increased inventory cost annually. That’s why Gerrard senior management had been focussing more on closing the Cologne facility (Case Study). Financially, it would be a good decision to close the Cologne warehouse as shipments from Netherland to Brussels would not be charged with any additional freight rate. The new weighted-average rates for taking the goods from Brussels plant to the Cologne customers through another trucking company are quite competitive as the trucking company has expressed its desire for reducing the rates for less-than truck loads (LTL). It has offered 100 square meters of its Cologne terminal space for transit storage without charging extra, which is a big plus-point. The local delivery rates for TL per case would come to â‚ ¬0.58 and for LTL only marginally higher. Rate for at least 40% shipped goods would be highly competitive. Gerrard would be in a position to save revenue on this count and also by getting goods delivered via the Netherland without incurring extra cost in comparison to goods delivered v